Biomechanical descriptive approach of diving: women`s 1 meter springboard
Background: Diving rules determine that each one of the five groups of movements must be performed in competitions: forward, back, reverse, inward and twisting. Aim: To verify the dive group distribution of women`s 1-meter springboard. Methods: Videos and results from the 2025 World Aquatics Championship were analysed. Five dives from each of the 12 finalists performed a total of 60 dives. Results: The dives more present inside each group were: Forward 2½ Somersaults pike (92%), Back 1½ Somersaults pike (100%), Reverse 1½ Somersaults pike (50%) and Reverse 2½ Somersaults tuck (50%), Inward 1½ Somersaults pike (83%) and Reverse 1½ Somersaults 1½ Twists free (75%). None inward or backward twisting where found. Backward rotations were performed more (Back + reverse = 55%) than Forward rotations (Forward + inward = 45%). Predominant body pike (66%), followed by free (18%) and tuck position (15%) were found. Pike position causes the diver to rotate more slowly than in the tuck position, leading to improved control of water entry. Moreover, divers can adjust their somersault rotation speed while airborne by changing their body shape, which includes transitioning from a piked or tucked posture, to maximise air time and control distance for a smooth water entry. While the tuck is faster for spinning, the pike often allows a diver to slow down their rotation slightly better, making it easier to see the water and align for a more precise, vertical entry with a smaller splash. Divers are more limited in the number of somersaults and dive position in reverse dives than in forward dives. Conclusions: A small variation of dives found makes them representative for specific dive research. Also, dive types performed by finalists may help coaches to guide their work through divers` development.
© Copyright 2026 XVth International Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming Proceedings. All rights reserved.
| Subjects: | |
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| Notations: | endurance sports technical and natural sciences biological and medical sciences |
| Published in: | XVth International Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming Proceedings |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Porto Alegre
2026
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| Edition: | \\iat\iks\db\open_archive\bms\15_100_Peterson-Silveira_Biomechanical.pdf |
| Series: | Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming, XV |
| Pages: | 202 |
| Document types: | congress proceedings |
| Level: | advanced |