The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of swimming science research based on the content analysis of the "Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming" Proceedings book series from 1971 to 2006 (i.e., a total of 622 full papers). There was an increasing number of papers published within the period of time analyzed (ranging from 23 papers in 1971 to 145 manuscripts in 2006). Comparing the sub-categories related to "Aquatic activity" most research done was clearly on "competitive swimming". In the last decade there is a slight but increasing interest in "head-out aquatic exercises" Analyzing the main "scientific area" of study, "Biomechanics" was the most often assessed area, followed by "Physiology". Since 2003 an increasing trend in "interdisciplinary assessment" manuscripts was verified.
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