INTRODUCTION: The goal of the research was experimental studying of regularities for metabolic energy transformation into velocity of human`s swimming by sports strokes in different zones of energy supply on the basis of the mathematical model of this process: v0 = Pai*eg*ep / Fr(f.d.), in which v0 is mean swimming velocity at the competitive or training distance {m/s}; Pai is power of active energetic metabolism {W}; eg is dimensionless coefficient of mechanical efficiency; ep is dimensionless coefficient of propulsive efficiency; Fr(f.d.) is frontal component of active drag force {N} (Kolmogorov, 1997) METHODS: To define experimentally variables of the mathematic model, a complex of physiological and biomechanical research methods has been applied (Kolmogorov, 2008). 29 female and male university swimmers took part in the research in the three zones of energy supply: below the threshold of anaerobic metabolism (AT), above the zone of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and in the zone between AT and VO2 max. RESULTS: In human`s water locomotion, eg (for women it ranges from 0.0592±0.0022 to 0.0659±0.0015, for men - from 0.0685±0.0029 to 0.0792±0.0026) is much lower than ep (for women it ranges from 0.647±0.009 to 0.704±0.009, for men - from 0.670±0.010 to 0.721±0.012). The highest values of eg and ep female and male swimmers have shown in the zone between AT and VO2 max. In all the zones of energy supply, male swimmers have higher values of eg. At the same time, the values of ep are equal for female and male swimmers. DISCUSSION: Effective and safe ways to improve swimmers` sports results in the process of training meso-cycle are, first of all, connected with decreasing of unavoidable losses at both stages of metabolic energy transformation into useful activity result, which is quantitatively reflected in dynamics of values of mechanical and propulsive efficiency.
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